Mizo Essayist Kaphleia, a Kutchhuak Hmanga Zirzauna

I. Sawihawnna :
Essay hrilhfiahna hi tun thlengin hlawm \ha takin a la awm thei lo. JF Laldailova chuan English-Lushai Dictionary ah chuan, ‘ ai chhinna, tum chhinna, thuziaka thil chanchin sawina’ tiin a hrilhfiah. Dr. Johnson-a chuan, ‘ rilru puakchhuak satliah, danglam \hin, ngaihtuah chian lem loh thil, ziak ve pawp pawp pawh, tih danphung pangngai ang nilo’ tiin a sawifiah ve thung. Francis Bacon-a chuan, ‘Essay chu ngaihtuahna tla darh, ziaka vawn \hat’ tiin a sawi. Hun alo kal zel a, thuziak mi pawh lo pung zelin ngaihdan thar alo piang reng bawk a. Hugh Walker-a chuan, ‘ essay chu eng thu pawhin a ziah theih a, mahse, a chhiartuin awlsam taka a hriat theih tawk vela sei a ni tur a ni’ a ti. A awlsam dan ber chuan, ‘Essay chu thu mawi tak hmanga ziak, hriatreng theih tur tawk chauh va sei a ni tur a ni a, tawi mah se a tarlan tum a chiangin a fiah \hin thung. Ngaihtuahna tla darh, awmze neia mawi taka phuah chhuah hi a ni’.
Hnam pui leh changkang hmasa zawk tena kum 1580 bawr vel a\anga an lo chin \an tawh essay hi Mizote’n an hmelhriat har hle a, Hnampui zawk ten an hmelhriat a\anga kum 360-na bawr velah an hmelhriat \an chauh niin a lang. Mizoten essay an lo hmelhriatna kawngah hian Kaphleia (1910-1940) hi a pawimawh ber leh sulsutu ber niin a lang. Kum 1939-ah Mizo essay hmasa ber ‘Thlirtu’ tih chu a lo ziak a. Heihi Mizoten essay an lo hmelhriat \anna a ni. Mizoten essay kan neihna atana bul \antu a ni a. Tin, a essay te hi a \ha in a tluangtlam a, kheh chhuah tur tam tak a awm bawk. A thupuiin mi a hip a, a sawi tum chiang takin a tarlang bawk \hin. Hei vang ringawt pawh hian Mizo essayist zingah Kaphleia hi a \ha ber a ni ti ila pawm a nuam viau awm e.
I. Vul laia tliak Kaphleia, Mi damrei :
 Hnahthel ro ang maia tlakbo hlau va, khawvela thil \ha pakhat mah ti lova liam tur anga in ngai Kaphleia hi a lei taksa chu kum 1940, November 13 khan vui liam ni tawh mah se, kum 70 chuang zet hnu-ah pawh a la tla bo lova, a hlutna leh pawimawhna a pung tawlh tawlh zawk a ni. ‘Mifing leh mahni ram tana thil \ha titute chu khawvelah hian nung reilo mah se, an thih hnu pawhin an nung reng ang, chu chu a ni damrei chu’ tia alo sawite zingah khan amah hi chhiar tel a ni kumkhua tawh dawn a ni.
‘We live in deeds, not years’, ‘ Kan damrei leh reiloh hi kum te, thla te hian a hril lo ve, kan nun dan leh thiltihin a hril ber zawk a ni’ tih thufing nemnghettu chu amah hi a ni. Midang tana thil \ha tih tum lo va, ral thlir maitu nia inngai chunga, inngaihtlawmna li mawng a\angin a kut thak hnawihna kutchhuak te chu tlangchhip-ah an in phochhuak a, chu tlang lam thlirtu apiang te chuan a ram tana fapa hrin man awm a nihzia an hmuchiang \hin.
Thihna kut vawtin a hmeh mih zawh loh, ama taksa chakna-in a tlin piah baka nung reng tura a phun, a kutchhuakte chu , a \iak satliah mai pawh ni lovin a \hang duang hle a, ala vul dawn chauh niin a lang. A chanchin chhuitu hmasa ten a diary leh midang ka a\anga an hriat danin, Kaphleia hian thu tluang 35 zet alo sualchhuak hman a. Amaherawhchu, heti zozai zingah hian a thuziak pathum – Thlirtu (1939), Kurtai (1936), leh Ui (1937) te chauh hi hmuhchhuah theih an ni. Kaphleia kutchhuak zawng zawng hi a vaiin 53 a ni a, chung zinga 13 chauh chu hmuhchhuah a ni.  A kutchhuak zawng zawng a\anga chhuta 24.52% chauh hmuhchhuah a ni. H. Laldinmawia chuan kum 2012-a Hla kungpui Muala  Seminar neihna ah chuan, Kaphleia kutchhuak hmuh chhuah loh te dinhmun chu, “Tuipui chunga vur lang hnuaiah hian, a lang chin aia lian leh ropui zawk vur tlang (tip of the iceberg) a awm \hin angin, a kutchhuak hmuhchhuah chhun tlemte hi langsar viau mah se, kan hmuh bakah hian eng ang taka ropui leh zir tlak kutchhuak inphum ang maw?” tiin a sawi (2).
Father of English Essay  tia an chhal, Francis Bacon (1561-1626) khan a thuziak lakkhawm ‘Essays 1597’  ah khan thuziak 10 a dah a, chung zawng zawng chu thufing chi hrang hrang awmze neia phuahkhawm an ni deuh ber mai. A essay hmasa ber, ‘Of Studies’  phei chu thufing leh ngaihtuah zui ngai hlira rem khah chiat a ni. Chutiang bawk chuan Mizote zinga essay bul \antu Kaphleia hian bul \antu anih mai bakah a essay ah hian thufing leh ngaihtuah zui ngai tam taka lo chhawp chhuak ve bawk. Hei vang ringawt pawh hian  Father of Mizo Essay tih hi a phu ngawih ngawih a ni.
Thlirtu essay hi nguntaka kan thlir chuan haichhuah tur thil hlu tak tak a in phum ru \un mai. Kan thil hmuh langsar em em chu ‘mahni inmualpho hreh lo Kaphleia a ni’ tih hi niin Paul Lalremruata(L) chuan a sawi(Kaphleia Chhakchhuak 11). Mahni in puanchhuahna thu ziaktu ropui a ni a, mihring nun awmzia a hrefiahin thilsiam laka a Siamtu chungchuanzia a hmuh hmaih hauh lo bawk. Khuarel thil hrang hrangte chu chik em em in a thlir \hin a, an zunah a uai nasa thei hle nghe nghe a, ‘Nature’s worshipper’  dik tak a ni. Amah avangin Zoram chu hmun nuam leh mawi em em, thlakhlelh awm bik hliah hliah in a lang a ni. Chutih rual erawh chuan hriatlohna avanga a nawm tur anga ram a nawm theih loh thu a sawi hreh hauh lo bawk. Hnam veitu a nihzia a lang chiang hle awm e.  Ei leh bar zawnna lam,  mihring khawsak dan leh nunphunga hmasawn kan mamawhzia leh hmasawnna tur kawng nia a hriat te thlenga midangte kawhhmuh peih mi a ni a, Nationalist  leh  Social reformer  angin kan hmu a ni.
Charles Darwin-a ‘survival of the fittest’  khawvel, a thei leh tlak chauh dinchhuahna ramah hian mi tam ber chuan mahni sahmim hnawh puar bak engmah an ngaihtuah lo emaw tih mai tur a ni. Ram tan mi \angkai nih chu sawi loh, mahni hlawkna um kawngah ramin tuar dawn mah se pawi tihna nei miahlo te pawh an awm niin a lang. Hetih mek laia Kaphleia’n ram tan mi \angkai nih a chak dan em em hi a ropui tih loh rual a nilo. Literature  hi hringnun hlimthla tarlanna darthlalang a nih mai bakah, hringnun ngaihtuahna ril ber phochhuahna tia an sawi hi a dik anih ngai chuan, Kaphleia hian ram tana \angkai ni turin midang a fuih mai a nilo, amah hi \angkai a duh hle tih hai rual a nilo.
• Mahse, thil \ha pakhat mah ti lova ka liam tur chu pawi ka ti a ni (Thlirtu).
• Hnahthel ro angin ka tla bo mai dawn em ni ang ? ( Thlirtu).
• Tupawh keimah anga mahni leh midang tana thil \ha tih tum lova, ral thlir mai mai mi chu a ram tan fapa tlaktlai lo, hrin man awmlo a ni ang (Thlirtu).
Kaphleia hi ram leh hnam hmangaihtu a ni. CVL Fakhlamawia chuan,
“ Engkimah ram leh hnam dinchhuahna tur chuan thurual(\anrual) a pawimawhzia a hrechiang em em a,\hahnemngai takin, ‘tun chinah pawh kan tihdan hi kan tih danglam loh a, inthurual kan tum loh chuan vaiho sahmim ti puar chau kan ni reng mi dawn a ni’ tia alo sawi te hi ram hmangaihtua a nihzia tilangtu a ni (Hnahthel 56)” tiin a sawi.
 Mizo Nationalism Movement a in\an hma daih tawh khan ‘Zoram, Ka Ram’ tih hlaah, ‘Pathian leh kan ram tan nise’ lo ti diam tawh tu kha a ni. Chuvangin Mizo Nationalism Movement paw chhuaktu anga sawi zingah tello mah se, a pawchhuaktute thinlung kuai hertu leh tinemtu chu a nih ngei a rinawm. Hnamdangte ngaih theih lohna thinlung pu ran chunga ‘ inti nationalist’  te thinlung ang hi Kaphleia hian a pu velo tih a chiang a. Edith Cavell-a te’n ‘midang huatna leh taina a tel ve lo’ tia a lo sawi pawmtu nimai lova zawmtu a ni tih hi phat rual a nilo.
• Thil \ha tih tur hre reng si a, ti silo chu, hre lova tilo aiin a leh hniha hrem tur a ni (Thlirtu).
• …a hmun hi zau tak a nih loh leh huan hnih tal ni sela, pakhat a dak hunah pakhatah ching leh ila, chumi a dak hun chuan lehlam alo tui leh tawh ang a, tichuan kumtin her tur a awm reng thei ang( Kurtai).

Kaphleia hi Mizote nundana \halo leh thlak ngaite siam\hat duha beitu a ni. ‘Thlirtu’ essay-in a tum  chu siam\hatna ni berin a lang. He essay pumpuiah hian khuarel thilsiam te, thufing \ha tak tak te, lunglenna te zep tel mah se, a thupui ber chu siam\hatna a ni. A essay khaikhawmna atan pawh ‘Tupawh keimah anga mahni leh midang tana thil \ha tih tum lova, ral thlir mai mai mi chu a ram tan fapa tlaktlai lo, hrin man awmlo a ni ang’ a ti hial a ni. A essay dang pahnih ‘Ui’ leh ‘Kurtai’ pawh hi hringnun siam\hat duhna thinlung pua ziak a ni a, a ngaihnawm zawng leh a chhiar tinuam zawngin a thupui hi a thukru langsar thiam a ni. Thingtlang mite retheihzia leh mawlzia a ziak a, hmuhsitna leh deuhsawhna avanga ziak erawh a nilo. Amah ngeiin, ‘ heng retheihna leh manganna te hi hriatna in a tireh thei a ni’ tiin hriatna leh thiamna nei thei turin thingtlang mite a fuih zawk a ni.
Kaphleia kutchhuak te hi chik taka zir chuan a ‘autobiographical’  hle a, a inrawlh lohna tur pui pui thlengin a inrawlh niin a lang \hin. Hetianga rem leh remlo pawh sawi lova amah a inrawlh fo nachhan chu thilsiam \hat tur pawimawh tak puanchhuah tur a neih vang a ni. Chu a thisiam \hat duh chu ama nunin a tawn ngei niin a lang a, a tawng tawh tu ngeiin thinlung chhungrila vei ngut ngut chunga a ziak a nih avang in a fiahin a chiang a, a pawmawm hle bawk. Chu a thil siam\hat duh chu ‘\hian\ha chu \hian \ha a ni mai tur a ni’ tih hi a ni.
Kaphleia hian essay a ziah reng reng hian midangte hneh thei tur leh anmahni hip zawng taka ziak a thiam em em a. Essay \ha ziarang an sawi chi hrang hrangte pawh hi a essay hian a zawm \ha hle a ni. Chung essay \ha ziarang hrang hrang hmang chuan a essay-te han thlir leh ila.
• Essay \ha chu a thupuiin mi a hip tur a ni. Kaphleia hian essay hi 35 zet a ziak tih a diary a\angin a hmuh theih a, chung zinga 3 chauh chu hmuhchhuah an ni thung. Chung a essay 3 te chu – Thlirtu (1939), Kurtai (1936), Ui (1937) te an ni a, heng a thupui a\ang hian eng lampang hawi zawngin nge thu a kalpui dawn tih zawhna alo thleng nghal a, chu chuan chhiar chakna a pe a, a chhiartu turte nasa takin a thupui a\ang ringawt pawh a hip a ni.
• Essay \ha chu sei lutuk lo, tawi lutuk lo a ni tur a ni. Tin, a fiahin hriatthiam a awl tur a ni. Kaphleia essay-te hi kan thlir chuan a sei lo hlawm hle a, a tawi mah mah deuh lo maw tih zawk tur te a ni a, amaherawhchu, a tawi avang chuan a tarlan tum a fiahloh phah chuang silo. A fiahin hriat a nuam em em zawk thung. Heihi Kaphleia ropuina tak pawh niin a lang.
• Essay \ha chuan a chhiartute a hneh a \ul \hin. A chhiartute rilru a hneh a, an ngaih hlut phawt chuan essay \ha a ni tihna a ni. Kaphleia essay pathum te hi a thupui en pawh hian eng lam hawi zawngin nge a ziah tih hriat chakawm tak a ni. Naupang thilpek dawng hawng chak tak maia an vir an vi rang mai hian a bu chhung chhiar chakawm takin a chhiartu tur mipuite rilruah a thawk a ni. Chuvang chuan Kaphleia hi essayist \ha tak a ni.
• Essay \ha chu a ngaihnawm tur a ni a, a chhiartute’n ngaihnawm ti taka an chhiar theihna tur chuan \awngkam tluang tlam, hriatthiam awlsam tak hman a pawimawh viau a ni. A chhiartuin ngaihnawm a tih theih nan \awngkam mawi tak, nuihzatthlak lam te leh ngaihtuah zui vang vang ngaite hman thiam a pawimawh hle. Hetianga essay ngaihnawm taka ziak kawngah hian Kaphleia hi a sang viau a ni.
• Essay \ha chuan finthuril a pai \hin. Miin essay an ziaha chhui zui tur leh ngaihtuah zui tur te, mihring nuna pawimawh tak thufing te a awm miah loh chuan essay \ha a ni tia chhal ngam a har viau awm e. Kaphleia essay te hi a chunglama kan tarlan tawh angina thufing a in zep khat chiat a ni ber awm e. Heihi Kaphleia essayist \ha a nihzia tilang chiang em em tu a ni.

Tlangkawmna :
Kaphleia hi Mizo essayist hmasa ber a ni a. A vanglai hun a hman lai leh ram tana vei lian tak a neih mek laia, ‘ thi turin ka lo haw’ titu Kaphleia hun tawn hi a rapthlak hle. A tan chuan he khawvelah hian hlimna aiin lungngaihna a tam zawk niin a lang hial \hin. Thomas Hardy-a pawh khan, “ Lawmna hi zawng, he khawvel natna leh lungngaihna ramah hian a chang changa lo lang ve zauh \hin chauh a ni e” a lo ti hial a nih kha! Chutianga lungngaihna in a tuam mek laiin zama kun mai lovin thu leh hla hmangin a au chhuak a, chu a thu leh hla chu Mizote tan ro hlu tak a ni. TB natna avanga khung hran a ni a, thih a hlau lo a, thlan thim pawh a hlau hek lo. Nimahse, thih a hreh em em thung a. A chhan chu a ram a hmangaih vang a ni. “Khawvelah hian thil tih tur pawimawh tak tak a la tam a, pakhat mah ti lova ka liam chu pawi ka ti a ni( Thlirtu)” tia alo sawi te hi a va ropui em.
Thih chu hlau lo mahse, Pathian fapa meuh pawhin a pumpelh theihloh chu, ani mihring ve mai tan chuan pumpelh chi rual a ni silo. Mahse, damreina hi taksa nung neih vang ngawt a ni lova, nundan leh thiltihin a lo hril ber zawk tih min kawhhmuhtu a ni. “ Mifing leh mahni ram tana thil \ha titute erawh chu he khawvelah hian nung rei lo mah se, an thih hnu pawhin an nung reng ang, chu chu a ni damrei chu”. He damreina thu mawi taka a lo sawi tawh nemnghettu leh ti chiangtu chu amah Kaphleia hi a ni.
A tawp berah chuan, Father of Mizo Essay anih mai bakah thawnthu phuahtu leh hla phuah thiam ni kawp thei Kaphleia hi Mizo literature-a mi bik, kawng thar sat kaw tu leh bung thar min kaipuitu anih avangin a kutchhuak te pawh a hluin zir chian a la hlawh deuh deuh dawn niin a lang. Kaphleia philosophy leh idealism  bakah Kaphleia leh Mizo nationalism te hi kan la zir chho dawn chauh niin a lang. Ruah\ham loh kutchhuak hlu tak tak min hnutchhiahtu anih avangin Zofate tan chuan lunghlu \hami ang a ni a, a mawi reng ang a, a hlu reng bawk ang.



Work Cited :
Kaphleia Memorial Trust, Hnahthel.  Lois Bet Print & Publication, 2015
Laldinmawia, H. Literature lamtluang. Creative Ventures, Pune, 2015
Laldinmawia, H. Kaphleia. Paper presented at Mizo Hla Kungpui Mual, 2012
Lalremruata, Paul. Kaphleia Chhakchhuak. Paper Presented at Mizo Hla Kungpui Mual, 2012